“Parcel tracking IDs, patents, and other specialized numbers can be entered into Google’s search box for quick access to information about them,” according to the Google Web Search Features page, www.google.com/help/features.html.
Special searches by number types include:

 
Examples

Area Code Map
[ 212 ]

Package Tracking
[ 999444666222 ]

Flight Tracking Information
[ united 42 ]

Vehicle Information
[ JH4NA1157MT001832 ]

Patent Search
[ patent 5122313 ]

FAA Airplane Registration Numbers
[ n199ua ]

UPC […]

...read all of: Shortcut: Search by Number

Use Google if you want to look up a phonebook listing for someone who lives in the United States. Just enter a person’s name and a city, state, or zip code in the standard web search box. Then hit the ENTER key or click the Google Search button.
If you have easy access to the web, […]

...read all of: Shortcut: Phone Numbers and Addresses